The production process of handmade carpet yarn

1. Prepare the raw materials
Before making handmade carpets, we must prepare raw materials, wool and silk. In ancient times, when making wool carpets, the wool used was local wool, such as Ningxia wool, Qinghai wool, Tibetan wool, and Hetian wool. Now the wool we use to make carpets is imported New Zealand wool. Silk thread we use mulberry silk.

2. Pattern design
Carpet pattern design is a key step in making carpets. A well-designed carpet will increase its aesthetics and value a lot. The design process is roughly that the designer designs the carpet pattern and makes the blueprint used by the weavers in the weaving process.

3. Dyeing threads
According to the design draft, the raw material yarns are dyed into corresponding colors. A handmade carpet may require dozens of colors of yarn. The dyed colored yarns need to be twisted before weaving the carpet, usually three, four, or six strands. Wrap it into a ball for use when weaving a carpet.

4. Prepare tools
Prepare rakes, knives, scissors, etc. as carpet weaving tools. The main function of the rake is to draw the weft thread, the knife is to cut the carpet yarn, and the main function of the scissors is to smooth the uneven surface of the carpet after the carpet is knitted. Of course, scissors are also needed when the carpet is cut after it is formed.

5. Take the loom
Looms are also called machine beams, which are tools for weaving carpets. Depending on the size of the carpet, looms of different sizes should be prepared.

6. Hanging scripture
Hanging the warp is to tie the warp thread to the loom and tie the twisted rod according to the size of the carpet. Each loom needs 3 people to complete the carpet hanging.

7. Knotted by hand
Hand-knotting is the method of weaving a carpet. We generally use the method of eight-shaped buckle to weave the carpet. When weaving, weave a "8"-shaped button on a warp composed of the front and rear warps, and tie the carpet yarn to the warp. And cut the yarn with a knife to form a small pile on the surface of the carpet, also called a peg. The weavers tied the warp heads one by one along the weft, and finished a row. Then a horizontal weft was passed between the two pairs of warp before and after, and then flattened with a rake, and then a horizontal weft was passed along the outer edge of the front and rear warp and smashed. real. Finally, use scissors to cut the thread ends on the carpet surface. At this point, one piece of weaving is completed, and the whole piece of carpet is just woven one by one.

There is more than one way of knotting by hand. Horseshoe buckles are also common. Horseshoe buckles are hooked into a horseshoe shape. In addition to these two, there are chain buckles, plum blossom buckles, combination buckles, pigtail buckles and so on. These weaving techniques can be used flexibly according to the different patterns of the carpet, in order to maximize the artistic sense of some carpets, and thus reflect the patterns of the carpets at the highest level.

In addition to the buckle, in the process of knotting, some patterns also need to be moisturized. Simply put, the transition color and similar colors in the design draft are processed. For example, it can be re-synthesized with yarns of similar colors. One strand to tie the knot. Weaving animal bristles is processed by the moistening method. Therefore, manual knotting is the basic skill for weavers to weave carpets. It is closely related to the quality of the carpet and also affects the output of the carpet. It must be fast and good. High-level weavers can save raw materials to the greatest extent.

Hand-knotting is the most important link that distinguishes handmade carpets from machine-made carpets. A carpet with the same pattern, different weavers, the feeling of weaving is not the same, high-level weavers weave more natural and three-dimensional, the reason is that in the process of knotting, the pattern must be relied on experience and feel. Fine-tuning, this is the reason why machine-made carpets cannot catch up with handmade carpets.

8. Level the carpet
After the knot is finished, the carpet should be leveled, also referred to as flat carpet. Flat carpet is to cut the pile of carpet surface flat, usually with flat wool machine to complete. The flat carpet is mainly to correct the unevenness of the pile of the carpet and the unequal factors of the local height of the carpet. Generally, our carpets have thickness standards. Silks are slightly thinner than wool ones. For flat carpets, the surface of the carpet that exceeds the standard thickness is cut and flattened to make the pile thickness uniform and the carpet surface smooth and clean.

9. Correct the back
In simple terms, this process is to burn the back of the carpet with fire, which burns the threads that are exposed on the back of the carpet during the weaving process to make the back of the carpet more even. Our carpets are not afraid of fire, because the raw material silk is flame-retardant, and wool has a high ignition point. This method is very simple and effective to flatten the back.

10. Cleaning
Put the carpet into the carpet washing tank filled with cleaning agent, and remove the grease, dust and dirt through processes such as soaking, scraping, brushing, draining, flushing, dehydrating, and drying to make the carpet tidy.

After washing the carpet, avoid direct sunlight and dry the carpet.

11. Wan Sui
After cleaning the carpet, pull up the fringe on the upper and lower sides of the carpet, and trim the small defects on the carpet surface again. Such a beautiful carpet was made.